Instrument

Mandatory

Substantive Provisions

Procedural Mechanisms

Ethical Recruitment

Standards

Employment

Conditions/ Equity  Standards

Retention Policies

Transfer of Technology, Skills, Fin.

Assistance

Monitoring

Provisions

Monitoring Body

Sanctions

Final Draft Code of Practice for Recruitment of Health Workers in the Pacific Region, plus Compendium

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Not specific

(compendium  conflates monitoring of outmigration with monitoring code)

None identified

No

Commonwealth Code of Practice for the International Recruitment of Health Workers, plus Companion Document

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

(in companion document )

None identified

No

(though possibility of linking auditing to accreditation)

ASEAN Mutual Recognition Arrangement on Nursing Services 

Yes

No

No

(though speaks to harmonization of standards, best practices)

Indirectly

(recognition as a Foreign Nurse contingent on a 3 year practice requirement)

Perhaps

(objective speaks to this, but no specifics elaborated)

Yes

(NRA  to monitor qualifications and conduct of Foreign Nurses:

JCCN to assess implementation of MRA)

ASEAN Joint Coordinating

Committee on Nursing

Yes

(Subject to ASEAN Dispute Settlement Mechanism, Foreign Nurse can initiate at home NRA)

Establishing the CARICOM Single Market and Economy

Yes

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

UK Department of Health, Code of Practice for the International Recruitment of Healthcare Professionals (revised 2004)

Yes

(NHS, recruiting companies supplying NHS; voluntary for other health employers)

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

Not specified

(however NHS Employers responsible for implementing agreement)

Yes

(can be removed from approved list following investigation. Note: in FAQ’s).

Scotland NHS, Code Of Practice for the International Recruitment of Healthcare Professionals

Yes

(NHS Scotland, recruiting companies supplying NHS Scotland)

Yes

Yes

No

No

Yes

(biannual monitoring of certain provisions)

NHSScotland Board/ Scottish Executive Board/ NHS Employers

Yes

(can be removed from approved list following investigation. Note: in FAQ’s).

UK – South Africa MOU

Yes

Not Explicit

(though might be contained in agreed upon plan)

Not Explicit

No

Yes

No

-           

No

(consultation/ negotiation)

UK – Philippines MOU

Yes

Not explicit

(mentions sustainable recruitment)

Not explicit

(mentions sustainable employment)

No

Yes

No

        -

No

(consultation/ negotiation)

Voluntary Code of Ethical Conduct for the Recruitment of Foreign-Educated Nurses

No

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes (blog to rate recruiters-open to HCO’s and FEN’s; annual survey of FEN’s )

Monitoring Entity (to be selected; criteria include intl. NGO, regular contact with FEN/HCO)

Yes (guidance, followed by delisting from website)

International Council of Nurses: Ethical Nurse Recruitment Position Statement

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

No

(though need for sanctions identified)

World Federation of Public Health Associations: Ethical Restrictions on International Recruitment of Health Professionals from Low-Income Countries

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

Melbourne Manifesto

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No